1. Units
   1. Pressure
      1. p
      2. Pa
   2. Temerature
      1. T
      2. K
   3. Volume
      1. V
      2. m^3
   4. Internal Energy
      1. u
      2. J/kg
   5. Entropy
      1. s
      2. J/kg.K
   6. Density
      1. ρ
   7. Specific Volume
      1. v
      2. m^3/kg
   8. Enthalpy
      1. h
      2. J/kg
2. Ideal Gas Law
   1. p=ρRT
   2. Calorifically perfect gas
      1. Constant specific heat
         1. Constant Pressure
            1. Topic
         2. Constant Volume
            1. Topic
         3. Constant Ratio of Specific Heats
            1. Topic
   3. Wet/Near-Wet
      1. Ideal Gas Law only for substance "well removed" from phase change boundary
      2. Do not use IGL for mixtures of stages
      3. Do not use IGL when close to phase boundary
   4. DO NOT USE FOR STEAM
   5. DO NOT USE FOR LIQUIDFACTION
   6. DO NOT USE FOR REGFRIGERATION
3. Processes
   1. Isochoric
      1. Constant Volume
      2. dv=0
   2. Isobaric
      1. Constant Pressure
      2. dP=0
   3. Isothermal
      1. Constant Temperature
      2. dT=0
   4. Isentropic
      1. Constant Entropy
      2. ds=0
      3. adiabatic
      4. reversible
   5. Throttling
      1. dh=0
   6. Adiabatic
      1. a process which takes place without any exchange of heat between a system and its surrounding
      2. dq=0
      3. Adiabatic dT caused by dP with no adding/subtracting of heat
   7. Free Expansion
      1. w=0
   8. Reversible
      1. No dissipative phenomena occur
      2. Ignore viscosity effects
      3. Impossible
   9. Polytropic
      1. any change in the thermodynamic properties of a gas in which its specific heat remains constant
      2. Topic
         1. n is polytropic index
      3. if n = 0, then PV^0 = P = const and it is an isobaric process
      4. if n = 1, then for an ideal gas PV = NkT = const and it is an isothermal process
      5. if n = γ = cp/cV, then for an ideal gas it is an adiabatic process
4. Entropy
   1. The unavailabilty of a systems internal thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work
   2. Degree of randomness/disorder in the system
5. Enthalpy
   1. Total heat content in a system
   2. Used for calculating the heat transfer in a reversible process
6. Stagnation Properties
   1. Quantity when a fluid is brought to rest isentropically
   2. Adiabatically brouhgt to rest without work transfer
   3. Removes affect of kinetic energy vatiation
   4. Topic
      1. Stagnation Enthalpy
      2. Stagnation Temperature
      3. Stagnation Pressure
      4. Stagnation Density
7. Steady-flow Energy Equations
   1. Use control volume to identify mass
   2. describes work and heat exchange
   3. Topic
   4. Adiabatic -> Q=0
8. Non-flow Energy Equation
   1. System of fixed mass
   2. q-w=Δu
9. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
   1. Restricts 1st Law
   2. Entropy of an insolated system will increase over time
   3. No 100% efficiency
   4. Kelvin-Planck Statement
      1. “It is impossible for any engine working in a cyclic process to draw heat from a single reservoir and convert it into work.”
   5. Clausius Statement
      1. “It is impossible for any engine working in a cyclic process to produce no effect other than the transfer of heat from a cooler body to a hotter body.”
      2. Topic
10. 1st Law of Thermodynamics
    1. Heat In Positive, Work Out Positive
    2. Conservation of Energy